Different Ways to Extract DNA
In recent decades, nucleic acid extraction techniques have made great strides in the sciences. As the Covid-19, it plays a more and more important role within the global. Here are several types of Nucleic Acid Extraction Techniques:
Cesium Chloride/Ethidium Bromide Density Gradient Centrifugation
This way requires an expensive ultracentrifuge and considerable time, it is difficult to perform, and at the same time the Ethidium Bromide(EtBr) is harmful, this method is not suitable for clinical microbiology and has not been used in the clinical laboratory by now.
Phenol–Chloroform Extraction
Phenol–chloroform extraction is widely used. The process consists of vigorous mixing of phenol–chloroform solution and sample followed by centrifugation. Although this method is relatively easy compared with EtBr and is very useful for the extraction of nucleic acids, it is problematic for the clinical microbiology laboratory because phenol has important limitations due to it being toxic, caustic, and flammable.
Solid-Phase Extraction
Some scientists introduced a new DNA extraction method involving solid-phase extraction in 1989. In this way, they use an insoluble siliceous core particle, as it is not only safer than phenol, but also has some advantages such as reduce cross-contamination.
Magnetic Bead Method
It is an important modification of solid-phase extraction, the beads have a negative surface charge and bind proteins and cellular debris selectively, compared with the other way, the magnetic bead method is very simple and convenient, so that many commercial kits are available for this method.
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